Phase one and phase two work together, the focus in phase one is on teaching students to accurately hear, articulate, and distinguish specific sounds in words and to identify the letter or letters that represent the sound.  They will also learn to correctly form the letters representing the sounds. Typically, teachers will introduce two sounds and allow for practice in phase two before advancing to the next stage. After practising these skills, the process cycles back to introduce another two sounds, repeating until students can automatically recognise and use all the stage's sounds. The goal is for students to effortlessly identify, articulate, and write the letters for the sounds covered in this stage.